cerenia dose for collapsing trachea

The absolute bioavailability of maropitant was much higher following SC injection (91% at 1 mg/kg) than after PO administration (24% at 2 mg/kg). Although anesthesia is somewhat risky in these patients, definitive diagnosis of the problem is a priority prior to performing invasive therapeutic procedures such as tracheal stent or extraluminal ring placement. Cerenia Dosage and Administration Cerenia Tablets are recommended for use in dogs 16 weeks and older. Severely affected dogs are usually recognized at a young age; less severely affected dogs may not demonstrate signs until middle or older age. There is debate as to whether a goose honk cough is a true cough attempting to rid the airway of debris or more of a honk associated with obstruction. Which dogs are prone to tracheal collapse? The intent is to determine the presence of organic or systemic disease that may be contributing to chronic cough. In most cases the cause of tracheal collapse in dogs is unknown. Collapsing Trachea Tracheal collapse is a progressive degenerative disorder of the tracheal cartilage seen in predominantly small breed dogs. The procedure typically requires general anesthesia and intubation, although it can be performed on some awake dogs.9, Ultrasonography has also been used to diagnose tracheal collapse. For some dogs, a lung herniates through the thoracic inlet when they cough; for others, palpation of the neck documents abnormalities with the trachea itself. Computed tomography reconstruction showing a dog with a tracheal stent in place and granulation tissue at the level of the carina. Dogs with severe cervical collapse may feel square on palpation due to compression of the costochondral junction during inspiration efforts against an obstructed airway; dogs with more severe lower airway disease will have pronounced abdominal musculature, similar to a heave line on a horse with equine asthma, resulting from expiratory pushing against the bronchomalacic airway with its expiratory collapse. Johns is a Niceville veterinarian. Beagle dogs approximately 8 weeks of age were administered Cerenia Tablets orally once daily for 15 days at 0, 2, 6, and 10 mg/kg using a protocol similar to the previous study. Weight management is important to reduce the severity of symptoms caused by a collapsing trachea. Tracheal collapse can be dynamic (varying with respiration) or fixed (resulting from malformation). The cause is unknown. In normal dogs and cats, the trachea is cylindrical and the dorsal membrane can only be palpated with difficulty. Answer (1 of 12): I'm not sure about that. Arethere any contraindications with using Cerenia for an extended period of time? For dogs with severe clinical signs, trachea surgery may be considered palliative. Lesley King, DACVECC, DACVIM, DECVIM-CA For dogs that primarily cough, imaging may demonstrate evidence of tracheal collapse; however, in the authors opinion, surgical therapy will not necessarily decrease the cough and clients will almost invariably be disappointed by surgical outcomes if productive cough is their primary complaint. Laboratory and field studies have demonstrated that Cerenia Tablets are well tolerated in dogs after oral administration. Sometimes heart disease and collapsed trachea are present at the same time. Despite resolution of the airway obstruction, some dogs continue to cough after stent placement, which may be frustrating for clients who had hoped the procedure would be curative. Grade IV tracheal collapse, particularly that caused by tracheal malformation, will produce intermittent respiratory distress and may cause the honking sound. One small study explored the use of stanozolol in dogs with tracheal collapse and identified a benefit.14 However, stanozolol is challenging to obtain in the United States. Cerenia (Maropitant) Some dogs with kennel cough have prolonged symptoms, particularly puppies or dogs who have been housed in shelters and may have had kennel cough for a long time, or if the cough is refractory. Bronchiectasis can be evident as a cylindrical dilation of bronchi as they extend to the periphery of the lung lobes, rather than their usual tapering. Is There Cough Medicine for Dogs? Ultrasonography has also been used to diagnose tracheal collapse. The disorder is associated with abnormalities of the cartilage of the tracheal rings, the cartilage is softer than normal because it is composed of deficient glycosaminoglycans and contains decreased numbers of chondrocytes. My 20 year old cat has CKD and suffers nausea as a side effect so she was prescribed Cerenia daily. It is important to note that while tracheal collapse is seen more often in these breeds, it can occur in all dogs, regardless of size or breed. Dogs with collapsing trachea may have obvious softening of the tracheal cartilage and airway deformity (rings become C-shaped). Dogs with tracheal disease may also have laryngeal dysfunction or epiglottic retroversion, and dogs with tracheal collapse may also have mainstem airway collapse or lower airway/bronchiolar collapse, all of which may influence the management of the suspected tracheal disease. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Glucocorticoids tend to promote weight gain and should be tapered to the lowest effective dose. The history of patients with tracheal collapse usually includes coughing, which is often characterized by a loud, harsh, goose-honk quality. Now, concerning Cerenia, keep in mind that using Cerenia as a cough suppressant in dogs with collapsing trachea is what we call off label use. Some patients with mitral regurgitation may have significant enlargement of the left atrium. If it is working for your pet, I would try to space out the use of the Cerenia to every two to three days for up to two weeks. For a copy of the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or to report adverse reactions call Pfizer Animal Health at 1-800-366-5288. Making a diagnosis of tracheal collapse. It normally lasts for between one and three weeks but symptoms can sometimes linger for up to six weeks. CAUTION: Federal (USA) law restricts this drug to use Preventing overexcitement and using a harness rather than a collar is also advised. Tests such as radiographs (X-rays), fluoroscopy (dynamic x-ray), or the use of an endoscope or bronchoscope are needed to confirm the diagnosis. heart disease Now, concerning Cerenia, keep in mind that using Cerenia as a cough suppressant in dogs with collapsing trachea is what we call "off label" use. Recent studies have shown that they also act at the level of the diaphragm to increase its contractility and to render it less susceptible to fatigue. Following administration of syrup of ipecac (peripheral emetic stimuli) vomiting was observed in 33% (4 of 12) of Beagle dogs treated with Cerenia Tablets and in 83% (10 of 12) of Beagle dogs treated with placebo tablets. Other clinical signs are uncommon. Even with good control, most dogs will continue to experience at least some coughing throughout their lives. Decreased heart rate and prolonged corrected QT intervals were seen in all treatment groups in a dose dependent manner. Objectives: The efficacy of maropitant (Cerenia; Pfizer Inc.) as an anti-emetic for use in dogs with ongoing emesis was evaluated in a two-phase multi-centric study conducted at veterinary clinics in France, Italy, Slovakia and the UK. For a moderately to severely affected patient, it is prudent to offer referral for discussion of surgical therapy early rather than late. Dogs used in the study were weaned early, minimally acclimated to the test facility, many of the dogs in the study tested positive for coccidia and some tested positive for canine parvovirus. This is generally not a cause of big concern in dogs that do not present other symptoms. Ideally, antibiotic therapy should be based on bacterial culture and sensitivity testing or PCR (e.g.. One small study explored the use of stanozolol in dogs with tracheal collapse and identified a benefit. This happens as the air pushes through the collapsing rings of cartilage. Tracheal collapse is common in small breed dogs and often associated with respiratory distress and/or cough.1 The severity of collapse may be largely affected by genetics. Answer to Rock Pigeons, Can Rock Pigeons Be White, Different Colored Doves, Are There Different Colored Doves Answers With Examples, Answer: Dalmatian Pitbull Mix Cost, How Much Does A Dalmatian Pitbull Mix Cost, In-Depth guide to Pitbull Puppy, How Do I Get My Pitbull Puppy To Stop Biting, Dove Decoys, How Well Do Dove Decoys Work Fully Explained, Cough suppressants (e.g., butorphanol or hydrocodone) every time a dog coughs his airways become more irritated and inflamed. Keep your dog away from airway irritants like smoke and other pollutants. Tracheal collapse is a progressive respiratory condition that occurs when these tracheal rings of cartilage collapse. Activities like drinking water, exercising, excitement, and excessively high or low temperatures may trigger respiratory distress.. Suspicion of tracheal disease is commonly based on signs of cough or difficulty breathing.1,2 Cough is a response to either real or perceived airway irritants. Congiusta et al. Not for use in humans. Corticosteroids can also be administered by inhalation, thereby limiting their adverse systemic effects. Cerenia Tablets were used safely in dogs receiving other frequently used veterinary products such as fluid and electrolyte replacement solutions, antimicrobial agents, vaccines, antacids, and antiparasitic agents. The pharmacokinetic characterization associated with maropitant after oral (PO) or subcutaneous (SC) administration in adult Beagle dogs is provided in the table below. Email her atJohnsDVM@aol.com. Most patients with mild to moderate collapsing trachea are normal at rest between paroxysms of coughing. In laboratory model studies, Cerenia Tablets dosed at a minimum of 2 mg/kg BW reduced the number of emetic events associated with established neural (central) and humoral (peripheral) stimuli. Maropitant (Cerenia, Zoetis) is an NK-1 receptor an-tagonist which has been anecdotally reported to de-crease the frequency of coughing in dogs with CCB. Even pets who have surgery for the condition often need medications for life. The trachea is a flexible tube and, similar to a vacuum cleaner hose. Across these stages of tracheal collapse1, the loss of cartilage structure leads to the windpipe becoming softer and weaker. Diagnosis is typically based on history, physical examination, and imaging. In case of accidental ingestion, seek medical advice. The trachea is a flexible tube with sturdy c-shaped rings of cartilage. The medication can be given up to three times per day and does not interact negatively in any way, so it should be safe for your pet as long as they are over eight weeks of age. In puppies 16 weeks and older, bone marrow hypoplasia was not seen (See Animal Safety Section). Dogs may have experienced more than one of the observed adverse reactions. Your vet will take a thorough history and do a physical examination to determine what is wrong with your dog. They can have trouble breathing during inspiration or expiration. Cerenia Tablets are recommended for use in dogs 16 weeks and older. Hydrocodone bitartrate (1.25-5 mg PO up to QID) is effective and widely used. In the first phase the dogs were administered 0, 20 or 30 mg/kg orally once daily for 7 days and in the second phase 0, 40, or 50 mg/kg once daily for 7 days. Diagnosis of mild tracheal collapse usually involves history taking, physical examination, and minimal diagnostic testing. Finally, imaging the bronchi allows the clinician to determine the extent to which mainstem bronchus collapse or chronic bronchitis might be contributing to the clinical signs. These include: Age is also a factor. However, it may be a congenital disorder. Cervical disease is associated with inspiratory collapse/distress, and intrathoracic disease is associated with expiratory collapse/distress. Tracheal collapse makes it difficult for air to get to the lungs. Twenty four Beagle dogs (14 males and 10 females) between 11 and 25 weeks of age were administered Cerenia Tablets in 2 phases with 8 dogs per group. Lateral radiograph of a tracheal malformation resulting in obstruction (arrow) in a dog with severe clinical signs of tracheal collapse. The coughing is often paroxysmal and precipitated by excitement or exercise. Malcolm Weir, DVM, MSc, MPH; Krista Williams, BSc, DVM; Ernest Ward, DVM. It may help reduce the chronic cough, but other drugs are often used when the cough needs to stop now. In case of accidental eye exposure, flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information. The key to determining whether surgical palliation should be attempted is determining the primary location of the collapsed region or if multiple segments are affected. Pain at site of injection is seen in some patients. The sound of the cough can be quite distinctive and is often described as a goose honk. Auscultation is a vital part of the evaluation of any patient with a cough. Until deployed fully, they are reconstrainable (can be repositioned).17,19 The likelihood of stent fracture or granulation tissue is higher for younger dogs, although these events may be mitigated by experienced interventionists and careful stent placement. I interpret this to mean that the concern is the build up of the active ingredient Maropitant if the liver cant function properly and clear the drug from the system. Collapsed trachea is a progressive respiratory condition affecting the cartilage in the throat. Without supervised scientific studies, proof of effectiveness on collapsing trachea is anecdotal, meaning that it is based on hearsay and descriptions of response by pet owners. Temaril-P can also be used to treat itching and coughing symptoms in dogs. Surgical correction is complex, and the procedure is typically performed only by an experienced board-certified surgeon. This causes a "collapse" effect that gradually makes the trachea smaller and less supported. One low-fat option is Solid Golds Fit & Fabulous dry dog food. Affected dogs have a dry, honking, chronic cough, and labored breathing. A brief, dry cough can be induced in most normal dogs and cats when the trachea is compressed. Oral steroids may decrease inflammation and help decrease associated cough, particularly in dogs with tracheal collapse as well as lower airway disease/chronic bronchitis. In addition, samples can be collected for cytology and bacterial culture and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is sometimes described as a goose honk cough. Surgical repair of the collapsing trachea was advised . In dogs that are actively vomiting, to ensure that the full initial dose is administered, CERENIA Injectable Solution is recommended at a dose of 1 mg/kg once daily. Tracheal collapse mostly occurs in middle-aged dogs. Tracheal rings are small plastic rings that are placed through an incision on the outside of the trachea for external support. The chemical structure of maropitant citrate is: Cerenia (maropitant citrate) Tablets are indicated for the prevention of acute vomiting and the prevention of vomiting due to motion sickness in dogs. Cutaneous Vasculitis in Dogs and Cats. Usually, these will be patients with grade III or IV tracheal collapse. Seventy percent of dogs treated with medical management. Thank you for your article I came across on a search. This can be helpful in conditions such as: Collapsed trachea in dogs Cerenia may reduce inflammation in the airways. The extent of collapse is also graded by the severity of airway obstruction: grade 1 collapse obstructs 25% of the airway, grade 2 obstructs 50% of the lumen, grade 3 obstructs 75% of the lumen, and grade 4 completely obstructs the tracheal lumen. In answer to your second question, Cerenia is metabolized in the liver. Common concurrent conditions include mitral valve heart murmur, obesity, and dental disease.5. Dogs with collapsing trachea usually have non-productive coughing, which can be paroxysmal, often triggered by excitement or exercise. Physical Examination of the Collapsing Trachea Patient. The empirical formula is C32H40N2O C6H8O7 H2O and the molecular weight 678.81. medical management Because some breeds are more predisposed to tracheal collapse, it is suspected that a genetic factor is involved. In addition to a honking cough, there are other signs that could indicate tracheal collapse. The influence of concomitant drugs that may inhibit metabolism of Cerenia has not been evaluated. Tracheal collapse may affect the cervical, thoracic inlet, or intrathoracic trachea, and the disease may progress over time, resulting in additional areas of collapse. Vomiting is a complex process coordinated centrally by the emetic center which consists of several brainstem nuclei (area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarius, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus) that receive and integrate sensory stimuli from central and peripheral sources and chemical stimuli from the circulation and the cerebro-spinal fluid. , chronic bronchitis, heartworm disease, and respiratory infections caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi Beyond the usual suspects lurks other, less common culprits that may be behind your canine companions hacking. For a small percentage (<10%) of dogs with tracheal rings, signs may progress over the years, necessitating placement of an intraluminal tracheal stent. They may have a considerable abdominal component to their respiration, with nasal flare and postural adaptation. The beta 2 agonists such as terbutaline sulfate (1.25-5 mg BID-TID) and albuterol (50 mg/kg PO BID-TID) are also effective bronchodilators. Switching from a collar to a chest harness may also help to ease your dog's breathing ability.. The cough reflex may also be triggered by repeated local trauma or stretch, such as might occur in dogs with structural abnormalities such as collapsing trachea or compression of the left mainstem bronchus. Each peach-colored oval tablet is scored and contains 16, 24, 60 or 160 mg of maropitant as maropitant citrate per tablet. A study indicated that many dogs with collapsing trachea also have concurrent liver disease. Based on their findings and what you tell them, the vet will make a diagnosis and determine the best treatment. A cough begins as a maximal inspiration, followed by initial forced exhalation against a closed glottis. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 2 Apr 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 17 Apr 2023), ASHP (updated 10 Apr 2023) and others. This could be allergies to pollens that are occurring right now, or the beginnings of a bacterial infection. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions. It's made of cartilage that forms a tube. Interpretation of these study results is complicated by the health status of study animals. It could be a common kennel cough or it could be a symptom of something serious such as heart disease. Administer Cerenia Tablets 2 hours prior to travel. Have a question for Dr. Johns? Sometimes a collapsing trachea can be demonstrated by radiographs obtained during inspiration and during exhalation to document phasic changes in tracheal diameter, or by using flexed and extended neck views to document collapse during neck movement. In particular, management of disorders such as collapsing trachea, chronic bronchitis, and congestive heart failure can be extremely frustrating. Patients with chronic tracheal collapse or bronchitis usually do not have evidence of pulmonary alveolar disease. Tracheal collapse is most common in small dogs; the medical treatment approach includes use of cough suppressants, anti-inflammatories, and antibiotics. https://www.quora.com/Will-the-pet-medication-Cerenia-help-with-a-dog-s-cough-caused-by-a-collapsed-trachea-Is-it-recommended-to-give-the-medication-daily Surgical options include placement of extraluminal tracheal rings or intraluminal stents. Maropitant citrate (brand name Cerenia) has also been used to help decrease inflammation in the airways Bronchodilators such as theophylline may be useful if the collapse is occurring in the lower trachea. Discuss this with your veterinarian. Mild over-the-counter cough suppressants such as Mucinex cough medicine for children may help keep pets comfortable. Surgery may be palliative but does not return the trachea to normal and does not always decrease or resolve cough. The cough reflex comes into play when these responses have been overwhelmed by an increased volume of exudate or mucus, or by the presence of foreign material. In dogs, these rings do not completely encircle the windpipe but only cover about 5/6 (83%) of the circumference. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. Small cartilage rings along the tracheal wall maintain the tube shape of the trachea. Thoracic radiographs, both inspiratory and expiratory and including the neck, are ideal for evaluating tracheal collapse; however, these images can be hard to obtain for some small breed dogs, and radiographs alone can miss some cases of tracheal collapse.8 In addition, the overlying esophagus may make evaluation of the tracheal margins more challenging. A dose dependent increase in severity of bone marrow hypoplasia was observed histologically. Dogs may have experienced more than one of the observed adverse reactions. Copyright 2023 Today's Veterinary Practice Web DesignbyPHOS Creative. An accumulation ratio of 1.5 was observed following once-daily use of maropitant for five consecutive days at 1 mg/kg (SC) or 2 mg/kg (PO). She currently teaches and works in the critical care section at the Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University. This will help in managing some of the symptoms of the condition. Periodic administration of antibiotics may help if secondary infection develops. Cerenia peach-colored tablets are scored with a break line, and contain 16, 24, 60 or 160 mg of maropitant as maropitant citrate per tablet. Similarly, they do not allow assessment of the presence of concurrent diseases such as laryngeal paralysis or chronic bronchitis. Nonetheless, because of their widespread availability, radiographs are commonly the first line of imaging. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, How I Treat Chronic Cough and Collapsing Trachea, World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress Proceedings, 2008, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, b7981cc9-b592-400a-9e65-bbe95c1e2ec8.1682921700. Disadvantages of fluoroscopy include radiation exposure and lack of widespread availability.9, Computed tomography (CT) can also document lower airway collapse, although it requires both inspiratory and expiratory studies. Non-prescription drugs such as dextromethorphan (1-2 mg/kg PO, TID-QID) are available in various human proprietary cough mixtures, and play a useful role in symptomatic treatment of chronic cough. Also, do you think it has any effect on the liver? Conversely, the tracheomalacic cervical airway collapses during inspiration but is opened by expiration. Clients often ask about surgery; a Google search brings up over 5 million hits concerning trachea surgery in dogs, and multiple groups on Facebook widely discuss surgical intervention for dogs with tracheal collapse. The trachea runs alongside of the esophagus (food pipe) and delivers air to the lungs. Tracheal collapse is most common in small breed dogs. Twenty-four 7-month-old dogs were given Cerenia once daily for 93 days. Log in 24/7 to access your pets health care information. Drooling, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and sedation may be seen at higher doses. All clients described a perceived clinical benefit to treatment with maropitant1 1 CERENIA , Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ (Table 2). I try to give it once in a while but it seems that this spring, she is having more gagging fits. Tracheal collapse is most common in small breed dogs; prevalence is highest among Yorkshire terriers and Pomeranians. Cerenia seems to really help. Oral steroids may decrease inflammation and help decrease associated cough, particularly in dogs with tracheal collapse as well as lower airway disease/chronic bronchitis. Does collapsed trachea get worse? Tracheal collapse is common in small breed dogs and often associated with respiratory distress and/or cough.1 The severity of collapse may be largely affected by genetics. Cushing's Syndrome: Classifying the Type. If vomiting persists despite treatment, the case should be re-evaluated. Fluoroscopy is a very useful additional tool to confirm a diagnosis of collapsing trachea or mainstem bronchus because it provides a non-invasive, dynamic, real-time representation of the motion of the airways. The following adverse reactions were reported during the course of a US field study for the prevention of acute vomiting in dogs treated with Cerenia Tablets at a minimum of 2 mg/kg orally and/or Injectable Solution at 1.0 mg/kg subcutaneously once daily for up to 5 consecutive days: Other clinical signs were reported but were <0.5% of dogs. Interpretation of these study results is complicated by the health status of study animals. Administer CERENIA Tablets a minimum of two hours prior to travel with a small amount of food to mitigate vomiting associated with administration of the dose on an empty stomach ; however, refrain from feeding a full meal prior to travel. This is also used for nausea. Infections: Kennel cough or pneumonia can trigger coughing, which can make tracheal collapse worse Heart disease in dogs: An enlarged heart puts pressure on the trachea, leading to coughing. The cough may worsen at night, with excitement, with pressure on the trachea, such as from a collar, during hot or humid weather, or immediately after eating or drinking. Beagle dogs approximately 8 weeks of age were administered Cerenia Tablets orally once daily for 6 days at 0, 8, and 24 mg/kg using a protocol similar to the previous study. For medical management, think of the triad of cough causing collapse, which causes inflammation/mucus production, which causes further airway collapse and cough. The trachea is your dog's windpipe that carries air from your dog's nose and mouth to his lungs. In the authors opinion, this is one of the most helpful techniques to better evaluate not only the trachea but also the upper and lower airways. will do well. It also may act as a mild pain control medication. The 2 options for surgical management are placement of tracheal rings or an intraluminal tracheal stent (. Your veterinarian will discuss the various treatment options. Federal (USA) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. Coughing may be defined as productive or non-productive. Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, such as prednisone, may be intermittently needed. Tracheal collapse Chronic bronchitis Tracheal compression dt LA enlargement Opiates Centrally acting Codeine, hydrocodone, morphine, butorphanol, diphenoxylate Though to be gold standard Antitussive efficacy in people unpredictable and inconsistent Hydrocodone Hydrocodone (Hycodan, Hydromet, generic) Usually combined with homatropine These cartilages keep the trachea open for air to get in and out of the lungs. Administer Cerenia Tablets orally at a minimum dose of 8 mg/kg (3.6 mg/lb) body weight once daily for up to 2 consecutive days. The hepatic metabolism of maropitant involves two cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes: CYP2D15 and CYP3A12. Maropitant is a neurokinin (NK1) receptor antagonist that blocks the pharmacological action of substance P in the central nervous system (CNS). A study indicated that many dogs with collapsing trachea also have concurrent liver disease. Lateral thoracic radiograph showing a tracheal stent in place. For intermittent cough, suppressants may be given as needed, with the dose tapered to the lowest amount needed to control cough. Swabs can be taken to determine the exact virus or bacteria causing kennel cough although this isnt always useful for treatment. It can cause your dog to have breathing problems as the windpipe collapses. Tracheal rings are not visible on radiographs, although the shape of the trachea may appear altered. In US field studies in veterinary patients, Cerenia Tablets and Injectable Solution were well tolerated in dogs presenting with various conditions including parvovirus, gastroenteritis, and renal disease. Some clinicians prefer that surgery be performed early, but it is wise to educate clients that no current option returns the trachea to normal. Use of the tablets in cats to treat nausea and vomiting is 'off label' or 'extra label'. lightning bolt tattoo military, is elon musk a self taught engineer,

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cerenia dose for collapsing trachea

cerenia dose for collapsing trachea